Bioinformatics analysis revealed that ciR-PTPN23 directly bound to miR-15a and that E2F3 was the target gene of miR-15a. Knocking down ciR-PTPN23 suppressed HD11 proliferation and caused G1 arrest and apoptosis, however, this phenomenon could be partially reversed by ciR-PTPN23 overexpression or miR-15a silencing. In summary, the ciR-PTPN23 - miR-15a - E2F3 axis was involved in H2S-induced cell proliferation suppression and apoptosis.The present research used zebrafish (5-28 days post-fertilization; dpf) as a model organism to investigate the effects of chronic exposure to environmentally relevant sub-lethal concentrations of waterborne (261 μg/L) and dietary zinc (Zn) (1500 mg Zn/kg dw), either independently or simultaneously, during development. The results showed that whole body contents of Zn were increased in all Zn treatment groups, with the highest accumulation of Zn observed in larvae simultaneously exposed to elevated waterborne and dietary Zn. In addition, exposure to elevated levels of Zn, either through the water or the diet, led to a decrease in whole body calcium (Ca) contents at 28 dpf. The findings also suggested that exposure to elevated levels of Zn resulted in a significant reduction in whole body manganese (Mn) contents. More importantly, the magnitude of decrease in Mn contents by Zn exposure was markedly higher than that in Ca and appeared to mirror the increases in whole body Zn accumulation. These results indicate that Mn regulation is more sensitive than Ca to disruption by Zn exposure in developing fish. Further examination of the Zrt-Irt-Like Protein (ZIP) family of transporters using droplet digital PCR technologies revealed that several zip transporters exhibited temporal and exposure route-specific changes following Zn exposure. In particular, the level of zip4 was influenced by Zn exposure regardless of the exposure routes, while changes in zip7 and zip8 levels were predominantly driven by waterborne exposure. Overall, our findings demonstrated that zebrafish during the developmental periods are sensitive to elevated levels of Zn seen in the environment, particularly following co-exposures to waterborne and dietary Zn. Future toxicological assessment of elevated Zn exposure should consider both the exposure routes and the life stages of fish.Due to the characteristics of ozone-depleting and high global warming potential, chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs), hydrochlorofluorocarbons (HCFCs) and hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs) have been restricted by the Montreal Protocol and its amendments over the world. Considering that China is one of the main contributors to the emission of halocarbons, a long-term atmospheric observation on major substances including CFC-11 (CCl3F), CFC-12 (CCl2F2), HCFC-22 (CHClF2), HCFC-141b (CH3CCl2F), HCFC-142b (CH3CClF2) and HFC-134a (CH2FCF3) was conducted in five cities (Beijing, Hangzhou, Guangzhou, Lanzhou and Chengdu) of China during 2009-2019. The atmospheric concentrations of CFC-11, CFC-12, HCFC-141b and HCFC-142b all showed declining trends on the whole while those of HCFC-22 and HFC-134a were opposite. A paired sample t-test showed that the ambient mixing ratios of HCFC-22 and HFC-134a in cities were 41.9% and 25.7% higher on average than those in suburban areas, respectively, while the other substances did not show significant regional differences. The annual emissions of halocarbons were calculated using an interspecies correlation method and the results were generally consistent with the published estimates. Discrepancies between bottom-up inventories and the estimates in this study for CFCs emissions were found. Among the most consumed ozone depleting substances (ODSs) in China, CFCs accounted for 75.1% of the ozone depletion potential (ODP)-weighted emissions while HCFCs contributed a larger proportion (58.6%) of CO2-equivalent emissions in 2019. China's emissions of HCFC-141b and HCFC-142b contributed the most to the global emission (17.8%-48.0%). The elimination of HCFCs in China will have a crucial impact on the HCFCs phase-out in the world.Heavy metals in atmospheric dust can directly pollute the soil, water and sediment, causing serious harm to human health. In this study, the temporal and spatial distribution characteristics of heavy metals in atmospheric deposition in western Taihu Lake were studied. We established 10 sampling sites to collect atmospheric deposition for two years in different seasons. The atmospheric deposition flux follows the order urban area (95.6 g m-2?a-1) &gt; suburban area (80.2 g m-2?a-1) &gt; forestland (56.8 g m-2?a-1). The concentrations of heavy metals in atmospheric deposition show trends of high values in the winter and low values in the summer and are significantly negatively correlated with distance from the city. The pollution level of Igeo-Cd is 6, which is very high, and that of E-Cd is 219, which means high risk. Heavy metals in atmospheric deposition are mainly taken up via hand-mouth intake, and the harm to children is significantly higher than the harm to adults. The highest health risk assessment values for the four analyzed heavy metals in atmospheric deposition are located near the city and in suburbs (within 5 km of the city center), that is, in areas where human activities are concentrated. The health risk assessment values in areas outside the suburbs are low; these areas are less affected by human activities. The health risk assessment values of heavy metals in the winter and spring are higher than those in the summer and autumn. The Pb isotope ratios show that the main sources of heavy metals in atmospheric deposition and local soil are human activities, such as industry and coal combustion, with less input from natural sources. Heavy metals in atmospheric deposition in the western part of Taihu Lake not only directly threaten local human health but also enter Taihu Lake, posing a serious threat to the Taihu Lake ecosystem.Levels of toxic elements in ambient PM2.5 were measured from 29 October 2019 to 30 March 2020 in Linfen, China, to assess the health risks they posed and to identify critical risk sources during different periods of the COVID-19 lockdown and haze episodes using positive matrix factorization (PMF) and a health-risk assessment model. The mean PM2.5 concentration during the study period was 145 μg/m3, and the 10 investigated toxic elements accounted for 0.31% of the PM2.5 mass. The total non-cancer risk (HI) and total cancer risk (TCR) of the selected toxic elements exceed the US EPA limits for children and adults. The HI for children was 2.3 times that for adults for all periods, which is likely due to the high inhalation rate per unit body weight for children. While the TCR for adults was 1.7 times that of children, which is mainly attributed to potential longer exposure duration for adults. https://www.selleckchem.com/products/rbn-2397.html The HI and TCR of the toxic elements during full lockdown were reduced by 66% and 58%, respectively, compared to their pre-lockdown levels.